intelaide/intelaide-backend/python/bkup_rid/programs_gap_advocacy-toolkit.txt

Participate in the elevation of the sign language interpreting profession.


Advocacy Toolkit

### We advocate for the elevation of the sign language interpreting profession
so Deaf, DeafBlind, Hard of Hearing, DeafDisabled, and diverse ASL users can
get effective, quality communication access.

###

Advocacy 101.

####  ____Who can be an advocate?

You can! And you don’t need any special training or a degree in law, political
science, or public policy to do it.

#### ____What is advocacy?

The American Heritage Dictionary defines advocacy as “the act of pleading or
arguing in favor of something, such as a cause, idea, or policy; active
support.” That’s true, but it can be even simpler. Advocacy allows people and
groups to share their opinion with policymakers. These policy makers are
usually your elected officials and they vote on many important issues that
affect you and people like you. But policymakers can’t represent you and your
views effectively if you don’t communicate with them. Advocacy is a powerful
tool to help promote the goals and interests of the profession and the Deaf
community.

#### ____When should you advocate?

You should advocate anytime there is a policy proposed that will affect you.
But you don’t have to wait for someone to propose a change to get involved. Be
proactive! Did you know that several states, including Maryland, California,
Florida, and New York, currently have no state licensure requirements for
community interpreters? If you have an idea for a new law or policy, contact
your elected officials. They have the ability to propose legislation that
their constituents request. So if you have an idea, share it – that idea might
become a law.

#### ____Where should you advocate?

Advocacy can happen at all levels of government and in many different ways.
Whether you decide to focus on local, state, or federal issues will depend on
you and your interests. Some issues are more appropriately addressed at the
state and local level. Still others are better addressed through federal
legislation and/or regulation. For example, policies related to Vide Relay
Service (VRS) are promulgated through the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC), a federal agency. Conversely, many states have enacted legislation
regulating interpreters practicing within their borders.

#### ____Why should you advocate?

Many advocates start because they witness or experience what they perceive as
an injustice. Perhaps you are a certified interpreter losing opportunities to
uncertified interpreters because your state doesn’t have a licensure
requirement. Or perhaps you are having a hard time convincing organizations
and businesses that you are a professional who should be compensated for your
time and work. Each advocate has a different reason for becoming more
involved, however, most get involved because they encountered a situation that
made them say, “Something has to be done!” This situation defines your core
issue or cause and will become the basis of your advocacy efforts.

#### ____How should you advocate?

Everyone approaches advocacy differently, but some principles hold true no
matter your approach. First and foremost, be honest. Your credibility as an
advocate depends on whether policymakers can trust what you say. Don’t
exaggerate facts or statistics and don’t make up information when you don’t
know the answer to a question. Be respectful of the policymaker and his or her
time. Stay informed so that you can provide as much information to support
your opinion as possible. And finally, be persistent. Changing policy takes
time and it’s important that you remind policymakers about your issue.
Something as simple as a short email can serve as an important tool to keep
your issue fresh in a policymaker’s mind.

#### ____On which issues should you take action?

You should advocate for any issue that is important to you. Policymakers
expect to hear from advocates more than once, so don’t be afraid to contact
your legislators about more than one issue. If you are short on time, choose
the issue that is most important to you and work on that one first. If you
have more time later, you can come back to other issue(s).

###

Levels of Government.

####  ____General Info

At each level of government, there is a process for enacting legislation and
policy. Local government enacts ordinances that govern counties, cities, and
townships. The state legislature enacts statutes that impact the entire state.
Congress enacts laws that apply to each state across the nation. In many
cases, advocates find that they are most successful on the local and state
levels.

#### ____Local Government

Local governments affect our lives in many ways. Local government officials
are charged with the administration of a particular town, county or district,
with representatives elected by those who live there. From providing police
and fire services to operating parks and libraries, local government touches
many facets of our daily lives. Local governments can also regulate businesses
located within their jurisdiction, including establishing ordinances that
impact people with hearing loss.

#### ____State Government

The state legislature is responsible for making and amending state laws. The
“upper” body is often called the state senate or assembly and those elected to
serve in it are called senators. The “lower” body is called the state house
and its members are generally called representatives. (In Nebraska, all state
legislators are called senators.) Residents of each district, a specific
geographic area, usually elect one or more member(s) to the legislature who
are expected to represent their district constituents. State government also
has the potential to affect state’s budget, as well as issues around
employment, education and more.

In most cases, your state elected officials are very accessible and want to
hear from you. If you have a concern, you can send your legislator(s) an
email, call them on the phone, or visit them in their office. Often you will
meet or speak directly with the legislator, not with his or her staff.

#### ____Federal Government

Congress makes laws that impact the entire United States. The laws passed by
Congress are far-reaching, impacting each state in the nation. Congress is
able to regulate commerce between states and other important issues that
affect every citizen of the United States.

Congress is made up of two “houses.” The U.S. Senate has 100 elected members –
two from each state. Each state also sends elected representatives to serve in
the U.S. House of Representatives, which has 435 members. A state’s total
population determines the number of representatives for that state. States
with more residents have the most representatives.

Because the members of Congress serve more constituents than state and local
legislators, it can be very difficult to meet or speak directly with one.
Instead, you will often speak with a staff person who is charged with
communicating your concerns to the member.

#### ____Where should you advocate?

As you can see, policy changes for people with hearing loss can happen at all
levels of government. You may be wondering where your efforts are most needed
or best spent to achieve your policy goals. Whether you advocate for local,
state, or federal policy changes largely depends on your issue. If you want
your local school system to ban the use of uncaptioned video materials in the
classroom, you may want to focus your efforts on local government. You could
also bring the issue to the state government so that the mandate applies to
every school in the state, not just a single county/city/townships. However,
if you want internet businesses to provide captioning for their online audio
and video content, you should talk to your Congressmen and/or women because
the issue affects interstate commerce.

###

How to Find and Track Legislation.

####  ____General Info

At each level of government, regardless of where you live, the process for
enacting legislation is relatively the same. Someone has an idea for a new law
or decides that changes should be made to an existing law. The bill is drafted
and introduced to the legislature. Then, the issue is debated and may
eventually come to a vote. Finally, if a bill is passed, it either becomes law
or is vetoed.

#### ____Tracking Federal Legislation

To find and track federal legislation, go to: <https://www.govtrack.us/>.
There, you can look up a bill if you already know the number or you can search
for bills by keyword. For example, if you type in “hearing aid” and click
“Search,” you will find any legislation related to hearing aids. Once you find
the proposed bills you would like to follow, you should keep a document or
spreadsheet where you keep track and then visit the site often for updates.

#### ____Tracking State Legislation

To find your state legislature’s website, visit: <https://www.llsdc.org/state-
legislation>. Each state varies a bit in how it organizes its legislative
information. Most websites, however, have a search function so that you can
find bills of interest to you. Another resource on statewide legislation may
be your state office or commission of the deaf and hard of hearing.

If you do not have internet access, you can contact your state legislature’s
office or go to a local library for help.

#### ____Tracking Local Legislation

Tracking local legislation is similar to tracking state legislation. Locate
the website for your local government and then look for “legislation,” “county
council,” or something similar. Most local governments post the ordinances
they’ve voted on in the past, as well as an agenda for upcoming votes.

Again, if you do not have internet access, you can contact your local
government’s office or go to a local library for help.

###

Tips on Communicating to Policymakers in Writing.

####  ____Sending a Letter

Sending a letter or an email is a great way to communicate your thoughts and
feelings to policymakers because it allows you to think about your message,
write it down, and then edit it until you feel comfortable with what you are
sending. It is also a good alternative to calling on the phone if you are
concerned you may get “stage fright” or trouble understanding what is being
said.

#### ____General Guidelines for Written Communications

Here are some general guidelines for writing letters and emails to your
representative:

  * Your letter or email should address a single topic, issue, or bill.
  * If you are mailing your letter, typed, one-page letters are best.
  * The best letters and emails are courteous, to the point, and include specific supporting examples.
  * Always say why you are writing and who you are. (If you want a response, you must include your name and address, even when using email.)
  * Provide detail.
  * Be factual not emotional.
  * Provide specific rather than general information about how the topic affects you and others.
  * If a certain bill is involved, cite the correct title or number whenever possible.
  * Close by requesting the action you want taken: a vote for or against a bill, or change in general policy.
  * As a general rule, emails are usually shorter and more to the point.
  * ALWAYS THANK THEM FOR TAKING THE TIME TO READ THE LETTER/EMAIL.

Personalized letters and emails can have a big impact on policymakers. As a
result, advocacy organizations often draft what are called “form letters,”
which allow you to simply fill in your contact information and send it to all
of your representatives. These letters make it easier for individuals to
contact their legislators, thereby increasing the volume of letters received
on a particular topic. However, you may want to think twice before sending a
form letter. Many legislators worry that form messages don’t reflect the
sender’s position. They also may be concerned that the message may have been
sent without the constituent’s knowledge.

Whenever possible, write your own email or letter, even if you borrow points
from a form letter. The message can be simple and to the point.

![](https://rid.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/State-Officials.jpg)

###

Building Relationships with your State and Local Elected Officials

Developing ongoing relationships with your state and local elected officials
is an essential part of being an effective advocate because in policymaking,
it’s not who you know, but who knows you.

#### ____You can build your relationship with your legislators in several
ways.

  * Every time you see a legislator, introduce yourself and tell him or her you live in his or her district. Do this until they recognize you and greet you by name.
  * Find out more about your legislator’s background so that you can find a common ground and build a relationship on shared interests.
  * Learn about your legislator’s history as a politician. Does he or she serve on a committee that will hear a bill you are supporting? Has he or she voted favorable on your issues in the past? Knowing these things will help shape your conversations about policy changes.
  * Follow the tips above to communicate with your legislators in person and in writing.
  * When your state legislature is recessed, schedule a meeting to discuss issues important to you. During a recess, legislators are usually less busy and more available to meet than when the legislature is in session.
  * Attend local political events and talk with local politicians and leaders in the different political parties. Get to know who people are.
  * If possible, volunteer for a campaign. Candidates need the help and you can use the time to talk a bit about communication access issues.
  * Communicate often, even if it’s just a short email checking in on an issue you’ve discussed.

###

Tips for Visiting Your Elected Officials

####  ____Prior to Your Visit

  * Plan your visit carefully.
  * Be clear about what you want to achieve.
  * Determine in advance with which member or staff person you need to meet to achieve this purpose.
  * Make an appointment.
  * When attempting to meet with a legislator, call their staff (usually an Appointment Secretary or Scheduler) at least one week in advance.
  * Explain who you are and why you want to meet with the legislator.
  * If you were not able to make an appointment, ask to speak to the delegate or senator when you arrive. If the legislator is not available, ask to speak to their aide.

#### ____During Your Visit

  * Be prompt and patient.
  * Be on time, but be prepared to wait.
  * It is not uncommon for a legislator to be late or for the meeting to be interrupted.
  * Be flexible, you may have to finish the meeting with a staff person.
  * Keep your visit short.
  * 15 minutes should be considered your maximum amount of time.
  * You must be able to get your points across early in the meeting.
  * Introduce yourself, tell your story, and tell the legislator what action you want them to take.
  * Be prepared and organized.
  * Keep the meeting focused.
  * Bring information and supporting materials to the meeting.
  * Have a position statement or fact sheet prepared to leave with your legislator.
  * Be political.
  * Wherever possible, show the connection between what you are requesting and the interests of the legislator’s constituency.
  * Don’t be awed or intimidated.
  * You have something they want too – your vote!
  * Be Responsive.
  * Be prepared to answer questions or provide additional information.
  * Let the legislator know how you will follow up with the meeting – letter, phone call, additional meeting, etc.
  * Request a business card.
  * Thank them for taking the time to meet with you.

#### ____After Your Visit

  * Write a thank you letter that outlines the different points raised during the meeting. Repeat the action you want them to take.
  * Send the letter that day! (Or, at the most, within 3 days of the meeting).

###

Organizing and Coalition-Building

####  ____General Info

Whether you call it community organizing, grassroots advocacy, or something
else, organizing is an important tool to create systemic change. While every
individual can make an impact by contacting his or her legislators, the
principle of “strength in numbers” holds true in policy advocacy. The more
people who support a cause or piece of legislation, the more likely it is that
legislators will take action.

When you can find other groups with the same or similar goals as yours, it is
important to work together to solve a shared problem. For example, are there
other affiliate chapters in your state that you can contact? What about the
state association of the Deaf or other Deaf service organizations? While each
organization has its own philosophy and priorities, there are likely issues
you can agree on and work together to promote. For example, each organization
would likely support a law that would raise interpreter standards in the
state.

#### ____There are many ways you can build support for your issue or cause.
You can:

  * Attend local events hosted by Deaf and interpreter organizations to discuss your issue and garner support.
  * Establish a Facebook and/or Twitter page to reach out to interested parties and keep potential supporters informed.
  * Set up a Yahoo or Google group to share information and communicate with supporters.
  * Begin blogging about your issue or cause.
  * Create a website where people who are interested in learning more about your issue can get information, sign up for updates, or contact you with questions.
  * Host a demonstration or a rally to draw attention from individuals and the media.
  * Develop a petition to submit to legislators indicating support for your issue.
  * Start a letter/email campaign to showcase how many people support your issue.
  * Testify on behalf of or in opposition to legislation related to your issue.